Baghdad — On the second night of war, bombs fall on government buildings in the heart of the capital along the Tigris River.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Heavy bombing continues on the third night of the war.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles TImes

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Nasiriya, Iraq — In March 2003, Sgt. David Smith mans his weapon during a battle at dusk in which a gas attack was feared.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A torn portrait of President Saddam Hussein lies among the debris at a tourist center that was bombed in the early days of the war.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A shoe lies amid the rubble of a U.S. bombing site in March 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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An assault vehicle takes up a position in March 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Bodies lie outside a hospital morgue where the power had been knocked out in April 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — In April 2003, Iraqis celebrate by raising a flag on the site of a toppled statue of President Saddam Hussein.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — In April 2003, a U.S. Marine commander congratulates his troops on their fight against Iraqi forces and warns them of the work ahead.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A cache of Iraqi rifles found by U.S. forces in the Presidential Palace complex awaits transportation to a guarded location in April 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Basra, Iraq — An oil portrait of Saddam Hussein survived while a three-story building came tumbling down in the U.S.-led campaign.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Don Bartletti / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — U.S. Army Spc. Jason Braham, 22, of Redlands walks through the ruins of a Defense Ministry building in April 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — In April 2003, a prisoner's photograph lies among the debris at Abu Ghraib prison outside Baghdad. Before the prison became known for detainee abuses at the hands of U.S. troops, it was notorious for the grim conditions prisoners endured under Saddam Hussein's rule.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — In April 2003, a man removes a couch from Saddam Hussein's Sajida Palace, which had been damaged in a U.S. missile attack.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — At Abu Ghraib prison outside the capital in April 2003, gas canisters are strewn in a room next to gallows were prisoners were hanged under Saddam Hussein. The prison would later become notorious for detainee abuses by U.S. soldiers.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Karbala, Iraq — Anwar Raad, 6, holds a portrait before his face as he waits with his 4-year-old sister, Russal, for their father at a Shiite shrine as a man stands guard in April 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — U.S. soldiers pay respects to fallen comrades after a service held in April 2003 at the Iraqi National Parade Field to honor eight soldiers from the 2nd Brigade of the 3rd Infantry Division and three journalists who were killed.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Shiite groups from across the country, including some maimed in war, demonstrate outside the Palestine Hotel, asking for a voice in talks going on inside between U.S. reconstruction chief Jay Garner and Iraqi delegates about leadership for the liberated country.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Basra, Iraq — An Iraqi man pulls a cart, laden with furniture looted from Basra University, under the barrel of a British tank on March 7, 2003. Thousands of locals plundered the university, taking anything that could be hauled away, as chaos and anarchy took over the southern city.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Don Bartletti / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Iraqi children play on an anti-aircraft gun destroyed in the U.S. invasion.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Bryan Chan / Los Angeles Times

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Basra, Iraq — An Iraq woman carries branches scavenged for firewood as smoke from an oil pipeline fire fills the sky.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Don Bartletti / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Hasan Abd Al Husain rests at home after he was injured when a cluster bomb fell in his neighborhood. Three other children were also hurt.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Bryan Chan / Los Angeles Times

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Basra, Iraq — A man outside Basra General Hospital shows scars he says were from torture he suffered while imprisoned as an opponent of Saddam Hussein's Baath Party. Such testimonies, as this one on April 20, 2003, were common nationwide after Hussein's fall from power.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Don Bartletti / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — In April 2003, U.S. Army Spc. James May of Hanover, Pa., and Spc. Lawrence Edwards of New Orleans display portions of a stash of $468 million found hidden in cottages that had been hastily covered in bricks during the U.S.-led invasion.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Marines shout words of encouragment to a convoy of comrades in an area south of the capital in April 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Mohammed Hamid Hussein at a psychiatric hospital in May 2003, where he is treated with Deprezol. Many other patients had gone without medication since the collapse of Saddam Hussein's government.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Hillah, Iraq — A 4-year-old boy's photo identification is seen inside a bag containing his body, which was uncovered in a mass grave near Hillah in May 2003. More than 2,800 bodies were found at the site, which was believed to contain the remains of Shiite victims of Saddam Hussein's government after the 1991 Persian Gulf War.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Faculty members of Baghdad University cast their votes to elect a new president in May 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — The boot of a Republican Guard soldier killed while defending one of Saddam Hussein's palaces lies beside the Tigris River.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Kirkuk, Iraq — Army Spec. Josh Watson of Williamsport, Pa., keeps an eye out a window in an auditorium as Maj. Gen. Ray Odierno, then the commander of U.S. forces in Iraq, speaks with Kirkuk residents on May 17 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Brian van der Brug / Los Angeles Times

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Mosul, Iraq — Army Spec. Erick Corrales of Los Angeles walks up to a suspected Iraqi mobile weapons laboratory on the grounds of the Al Kinda Research and Development facility on May 13, 2002.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Brian van der Brug / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad, Iraq — Iraqi investigative judge Muhammad Jumaily speaks to a man arrested on suspicion of looting as the suspect's handcuffs are removed in a Baghdad courtroom on May 8, 2003, as the country's court system resumed operating for the first time since before the war.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Brian van der Brug / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Hamed Hamid Hussein, 21, cries after learning that his brother's remains had been found along the Tigris River. Hussein's brother, a Republican Guard soldier, was killed in combat and had been missing for over a month.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Tikrit, Iraq — Friends and relatives carry the remains of Republican Guard soldier Saadi Hamid Hussein, 32, killed in the U.S.-led invasion, for burial in Jemeela Village near Tikrit.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Musayyib, Iraq — Bodies are lined up in a youth center after 372 were recovered from a mass grave.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Iraqi refugees, their images reflected in a wall mirror, sit in a room during a meeting at the Uqba Bin Nafi Military Base east of Baghdad. The group said they were forced from their homes by Kurds and came to the base for safety.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — U.S. Marines stand guard outside the Palestine Hotel as Iraqis, carrying their nation's flag, demonstrate in Baghdad against American presence in Iraq.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Bryan Chan / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A boy covers his face as he passes a pile of burning garbage and car remnants in the Camp Armenia neighborhood in May 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Firefighters battle a fire set by looters at the Ministry of Transportation storage department. The vandals torched telephone and electrical cable wires.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A young resident of Camp Armenia, a central neighborhood, cups her hands under the water running from the evaporative cooler in May 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Iraqis who are due pensions get U.S. dollars in June 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A statue of Saddam Hussein is one of four adorning the corners of the Salaam Palace.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — A giant bust of Saddam Hussein looms over the Republican palace as a U.S. miilitary helicopter circles nearby.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Robert Gauthier / Los Angeles Times

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Iraqi youths take advantage of a broken water main on a Baghdad street, using a stranded fire engine as a diving platform. The flooding may have been caused by sabotage: Residents reported that two men on a motorcycle left a black bag near the pipe shortly before it burst.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Robert Gauthier / Los Angeles Times

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The Aug. 19, 2003 bombing of U.N. headquarters in Baghdad killed 22 people, including the head of the mission, and led to the withdrawal of most international staffers from Iraq.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Robert Gauthier / Los Angeles Times

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Injured U.N. employee Mustafa Naji is led away from the blast site at the Canal Hotel in Baghdad.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: ROBERT GAUTHIER / Los Angeles Times

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A girl is evacuated from the scene of the suicide bombing at the United Nations headquarters in Baghdad on Aug. 19, 2003. No one immediately took responsibility for the attack. By striking a U.N. target, the perpetrators undermined any sense of security in the capital and significantly broadened the guerrilla war in Iraq.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Robert Gauthier / Los Angeles Times

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Off the California coast — President Bush flashes a "thumbs-up" after declaring the end of major combat in Iraq as he speaks aboard the aircraft carrier Abraham Lincoln on May 1, 2003.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: J. SCOTT APPLEWHITE / Associated Press

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Baghdad — An Iraqi family mourns a death in 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Falloujah, Iraq — Lance Cpl. Robert Christmon of Oklahoma City helps carry a wounded Sgt. Josue Magana of Oceanside, Calif., out of a house while under fire from insurgents in April 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Sacramento, Calif. — Members of an honor guard carry the coffin of Patrick McCaffrey arriving from Iraq in June 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Los Angeles Times

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Najaf, Iraq — A member of Alpha Company, 1st Battalion/4th Marines, wears face paint during an operation in 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Kufa, Iraq — Iraqi men are detained for questioning in 2004 after a raid on a building thought to be the hideout of militia fighters.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Fallouja, Iraq — With air support, U.S. Marines with the 1st Battalion prepare to go on patrol in November 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Falloujah, Iraq — Marines fight to drive insurgents from a major stronghold in November 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Luis Sinco / Los Angeles Times

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Fallouja, Iraq — Marine Lance Col. James Blake Miller was with the First Marine Battalion, 8th Regiment, during the assault on the insurgent stronghold in November 2004.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Luis Sinco / Los Angeles Times

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Balad, Iraq — Tents on the site of a former Iraqi air force make up the main U.S. Air Force Combat Support Hospital, which treated thousands of American and Iraqi wounded.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Balad, Iraq — Staff Sgt. Vincent Worrell, 25, of the U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne, is treated at a military hospital in November 2005 after being injured by a roadside bomb in Tal Afar, Iraq.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Balad, Iraq — U.S. Marine 2nd Lt. James Michael Geiger III, 24, of Fayetteville, N.C., is prepped for an operation on his foot after he was injured by a land mine while giving out candy and radios to Iraqis in western Iraq.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein yells at the court as a bailiff attempts to silence him during the delivery of the verdict in his trial Nov. 5, 2006.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: DAVID FURST / AFP/Getty Images

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Baghdad — After hearing about the execution of former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, Iraqis drive through the streets of the Sadr City neighborhood with an effigy of the dictator Dec. 30, 2006.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Wathiq Khuzaie / Getty Images

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Baghdad — An image from a cellphone video appears to show Saddam Hussein's head in the noose just before he was hanged in Baghdad Dec. 30, 2006.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: AFP/Getty Images

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Arlington, Va. — Pamela Zembiec says a final goodbye while clutching the folded American flag presented to her at the conclusion of the funeral at Arlington National Cemetary for her husband, Marine Maj. Douglas Zembiec, who was killed in combat in Iraq on May 10, 2007.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times

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Long Beach — A military honor guard on Jan. 15, 2008, receives the casket of Sgt. David Hart of Lakeview Terrace, returned from Iraq to the Long Beach International Airport.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Luis Sinco / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — 1st Lt. Robert Fenoglio briefs his men on the departure from Iraq in August 2010.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Baghdad — U.S. combat troops wait aboard a plane leaving Iraq from Baghdad airport in August 2010 as part of the drawdown of U.S. troops to 50,000 by the end of the month.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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Iraq-Kuwait border — The Kuwait flag flies as U.S. troops cross the border, leaving Iraq.

PHOTOGRAPH BY: Carolyn Cole / Los Angeles Times

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